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Dry-type transformer refers to a transformer that does not use liquid as an insulating medium. Its internal windings are usually wrapped with solid materials such as epoxy resin, or directly exposed to the air for natural cooling. This type of transformer has the following characteristics:
High safety: Since there is no flammable insulating oil, dry-type transformers are safer and more reliable, especially suitable for places with high fire protection requirements, such as high-rise buildings, hospitals, schools, etc.
Good environmental performance: There is no problem of oil leakage pollution, which is environmentally friendly. As society's awareness of environmental protection increases, this is becoming more and more important.
Small size: The design is compact and occupies relatively little space, suitable for installation in limited indoor spaces.
Low noise: Compared with oil-immersed transformers, dry-type transformers generate less noise during operation and are more suitable for places that require a quiet environment.
Easy maintenance: There is no need to check the oil level and replace the insulating oil regularly, which reduces the workload of daily maintenance. However, it should be noted that although dry-type transformers are relatively simple to maintain, the maintenance cost after a failure may be high.
Oil-immersed transformers are transformers that use mineral oil or other types of insulating liquids for cooling and additional insulation protection. Its advantages include but are not limited to:
High heat dissipation efficiency: The oil can effectively remove heat and keep the internal temperature of the transformer stable, thereby extending the service life. This is especially important for large-scale power facilities that work continuously for a long time.
Strong overload capacity: Compared with dry-type transformers, it can withstand higher loads in a short period of time without damage. This means that oil-immersed transformers perform better when facing sudden peak power consumption.
Lower cost: For the same capacity, the manufacturing cost of oil-immersed transformers is often lower than that of dry-type transformers. At the same time, considering the economy in long-term operation, the overall cost of ownership of oil-immersed transformers may also be lower.
Strong durability: Good sealing and sufficient lubrication enable oil-immersed transformers to withstand the test of harsh environmental conditions, such as high or low temperature outdoor climates.
Application scenario comparison
The choice of which type of transformer should be based on actual needs. For example, in high-rise buildings, underground garages and other enclosed places with strict fire safety requirements, dry-type transformers are more popular due to their higher safety; while in open outdoor areas, power stations or industrial occasions that require long-term continuous high-power operation, oil-immersed transformers may be more suitable because they provide better heat dissipation and overload capacity.
In addition, when considering environmental factors, such as projects located near water sources or in ecologically sensitive areas, the use of dry solutions may be a more responsible choice because it avoids potential environmental pollution risks.
Future development trends
With the advancement of technology and social development, both types of transformers are constantly improving. On the one hand, the application of new materials is helping to reduce weight, reduce size, and further improve efficiency; on the other hand, the introduction of intelligent monitoring systems makes operation and maintenance management more convenient and efficient. No matter which form of transformer, it will develop in a more energy-saving, environmentally friendly and intelligent direction.
In short, both dry and oil-immersed transformers have their own advantages and limitations. Users should comprehensively consider the specific conditions of the project and reasonably choose the most appropriate type of transformer to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the power system. I hope this article can help you better understand the difference between the two transformers and provide a reference for making the right decision.
